تحلیل فضایی و زمانی دسترسی به خدمات آموزشی و بهداشتی در مناطق روستایی (مطالعه‌‌ی موردی: بخش مرکزی شهرستان تبریز)

نویسندگان

دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

بیش از 20 میلیون نفر جمعیت در روستاهای کشور زندگی می­کنند که اکثریت قریب به نزدیک آن‌ها به حداقل خدمات بهداشتی و آموزشی جهت رفع نیازهای خود دسترسی ندارند. حتی در مکان­هایی که چنین خدماتی وجود دارد، سطح خدمات­دهی آن­قدر ضعیف است که نمی­توان گفت نیازهای دسترسی آن‌ها به این خدمات برآورده شده است. در سطح روستاهای شهرستان تبریز نیز ضعف دسترسی به خدمات آموزشی و بهداشتی مشکلاتی را برای مردم ایجاد کرده و ضمن طولانی کردن سفرها و افزایش زمان آن‌ها، هزینه­ی افراد را نیز افزایش داده است. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی دسترسی فضایی و زمانی به خدمات بهداشتی و آموزشی در روستاهای بخش مرکزی شهرستان تبریز صورت گرفته است. روش مطالعه از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی است که بر اساس آن، پس از تشکیل بانک اطلاعات مکانی از فضاهای درمانی و آموزشی در نرم­افزار ArcGIS و با بهره­گیری از مدل­های برآورد دسترسی، وضعیت شاخص­های دسترسی دهستان­های بخش مرکزی شهرستان تبریز به هر یک از خدمات تعیین شد. نتیجه­ی تحلیل بیانگر عدم انطباق بین توزیع جمعیت و پراکنش خدمات آموزشی و بهداشتی است. به‌عبارتی‌دیگر، روستاهای مرکزی و بزرگ دارای دسترسی بهتری نسبت به نواحی پیرامونی هستند اما به دلیل نبود خدمات کافی سطح پوشش ضعیفی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Access to Educational and Health Services in Rural Areas Case Study: Central Part of Tabriz County

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Karimzadeh
  • nahid rahimzadeh
  • zahra shokati
چکیده [English]

Problem definition: More than 20 million people now lives in the country, most of them do not have access to minimum health and education services to meet their needs. Even in places where such services exist, the level of service provision is so low that it cannot be said that their access needs are met. At the level of villages in Tabriz, lack of access to educational and health services has caused people problems and, while prolonging travel and increasing their time, has increased the cost of individuals.
Purpose: This research is designed to answer this question, using descriptive-analytical methods, based on secondary data analysis. Required information was extracted based on library studies and statistical publications of the Statistical Center of Iran, then statistical analysis has been performed.
Methodology: that based on this, after creating a spatial database of therapeutic and educational spaces in ArcGIS software and using estimation models Access, status of access indicators of rural districts in Central Part of Tabriz County was determined for each service. Then the Lorenz curve was used to show the distribution of services in the villages.
Innovation: The innovation of this paper is in the spatial analysis of access to services in the villages and the computation time of their travel time. so far, this study has been done mostly in cities and there is no research in the villages of Iran.
Results: The result of this analysis is the lack of consistency between the distribution of population and the distribution of educational and health services. In other words, the central and large villages have better access to the periphery, but because of lack of adequate services, they have poor coverage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • spatial access
  • educational and health services
  • rural in Tabriz County

مراجع

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