تعیین مهم‌ترین پارامترهای مؤثر بر بروز سیل و اولویت‌بندی سیل‌خیزی زیرحوضه‌های حوضه‌ی آبخیز کاکارضا با استفاده از آنتروپی شانون و روش TOPSIS

نویسندگان

دانشگاه لرستان

چکیده

سیل یکی از بلایای طبیعی است که هر ساله در سراسر جهان موجب ایجاد خسارت‌­های مالی و جانی متعددی می­‌شود. هدف از انجام تحقیق حاضر، تعیین زیرحوضه­‌های دارای پتانسیل بیش‌تر ایجاد سیل و تعیین اولویت آن‌ها جهت اقدامات کنترل سیل در حوضه­‌ی آبخیز کاکارضا در استان لرستان و نیز تعیین مؤثرترین عوامل در ایجاد سیل با استفاده از دو تکنیک آنتروپی شانون و TOPSIS و نیز آنالیز مورفومتری حوضه­‌ی آبخیز در قالب سامانه­‌ی اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) است. بدین منظور، در این تحقیق از 15 پارامتر مؤثر شامل بارش، بارش حداکثر روزانه، شماره‌ی منحنی، تراکم زهکشی، شیب، فراوانی آبراهه، ثابت نگهداشت آبراهه، بافت زهکشی، عدد ناهمواری، ضریب گردی، ضریب فشردگی، نسبت ناهمواری، ضریب فرم، ضریب کشیدگی استفاده شد. برای تعیین وزن پارامترها از روش آنتروپی شانون استفاده شد. نتایج وزن­‌دهی پارامترها نشان داد که عامل بارش میانگین سالانه، بارش حداکثر روزانه، شماره‌ی منحنی و ضریب فشردگی بالاترین اثرگذاری را بر سیل­‌خیزی حوضه‌ی آبخیز کاکارضا داشتند؛ درحالی‌که کم‌ترین وزن­‌ها مربوط به پارامترهای زمان تمرکز، ضریب فرم بافت زهکشی و نسبت ناهمواری است. همچنین به منظور اولویت‌بندی 23 زیرحوضه­ی حوضه­‌ی آبخیز کاکارضا از روش تصمیم­‌گیری TOPSIS استفاده شد. نتایج این روش نشان داد که زیرحوضه­‌ی O در رتبه­‌ی اول (0/91)، زیرحوضه­‌ی M (0/89) رتبه­‌ی دوم و زیرحوضه­‌ی Q (0/85) نسبت به زیرحوضه‌­های دیگر دارای بالاترین پتانسیل سیل­‌خیزی می‌­باشند و بالاترین اولویت را برای انجام عملیات حفاظتی دارند؛ درحالی‌که زیرحوضه­‌های B و W دارای کم‌ترین پتانسیل سیل­‌خیزی می­‌باشند.

 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of the most important parameters influencing flood occurrence and flooding priority in Kakareza watershed using Shannon entropy and TOPSIS method

نویسندگان [English]

  • samira Ghorbani nejad
  • hossein zeinivand
چکیده [English]

Flood is one of the natural disasters that causes various property and life damages worldwide every year. The main purpose of the present study was to identify the sub-basins with the most potential for flooding and to prioritize them for flood control measures in Kakareza watershed in Lorestan province, and to determine the most effective factors in flood generation using Shannon and TOPSIS entropy techniques, and also watershed morphometric analysis in the framework of GIS. For this purpose, in this study, 15 effective parameters including precipitation, daily maximum precipitation, curve number, drainage density, slope, stream frequency, stream retention constant, drainage texture, relief number, circularity coefficient, compaction coefficient, relief ratio, form factor, elongation coefficient was used. Shannon entropy method was used to determine the weight of the parameters. The results of the parameters weighting showed that Annual average precipitation factor, maximum daily precipitation, curve number, and compression coefficient had the highest effect on flooding of Kakareza watershed. While the lowest weights were related to the Concentration time, form factor, drainage texture and roughness ratio parameters. Moreover, the TOPSIS decision making method was used to prioritize 23 sub-basins of Kakareza watershed. The results showed that sub-basin O in the first rank (0.91), sub-basin M (0.89) in the second and sub-basin Q (0.85) in the third rank had the highest flood potential. So, these sub-basins have the highest priority for conservation measures, while sub-basins B and W had the least flood potential.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Prioritization
  • Morphometric Parameters
  • GIS
  • Flooding
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