Semantic reconstruction of the way of facing drought and water crisis in the Musa Abad area of Torbat Jam among rural herders

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 M.A student of Sociology, Hakim Sabzevari University

2 Research Center of Social Studies & Geographical Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University

3 Research Center of Social Studies & Geographical Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University

Abstract

Aim: The situation of decrease in rainfall, drought and climate changes in general in recent decades have become increasing problems for our country. These issues are much deeper and more tangible for the dry areas of the country, especially if the way of living is directly affected by the state of rainfall. The present study, seeks to understand the meaning of the water crisis and drought among the livestock farmers of Musa Abad district of Torbat Jam.
Material & Method: Based on the G.T method of Straus and Corbin, data collected from 22 participants using in-depth interview. The criterion for the number of samples was to reach theoretical saturation.
Finding: Using open coding stage, 59 primary concepts were extracted, and through converting them into abstract concepts, 22 main categories were obtained. Applying the selective coding stage, a core category - traditional cattle breeding in the dilemma of dual paradoxes - was extracted.
Conclusion: This research showed that from the point of view of cattle breeders, drought and water crisis have a direct relationship with dualities that have manifested themselves in the form of uncertainty leading to the gradual destruction of traditional animal husbandry. It seems that the government, is the culprit and the main actor of the consequences of drought and water crisis for traditional herders due to the dual policies it has taken in relation to rural areas and their way of life.
Innovation: Using the qualitative method of grounded theory, this research has for the first time addressed the lived experience and problems caused by drought for livestock farmers in Musa Abad region. Inspired by Elinor Ostrom's theory, it was suggested that the government, should explain its assignment by rethinking the dual policy approach. Whithout considering the noted comments we will observe the acceleration of rural migration during next years.

Keywords

References

Ahmadi, H., & dehghani, R. (2016). Ulrich Beck’s Thoughts and Ideas (The Theorist of Risk Society). Quarterly Journal of Social Development (Previously Human Development), 10(2), 101-126. doi: 10.22055/qjsd.2016.11946. [In Persian]
Boostani, D. & Mohammadpour, A. (2009). Semantic Restoration of the Gender Orientation of Boys to Girls (Providing a Grounded Theory). The Journal of Strategic Studies of Women, 44(11): 142-172. [In Persian]
Coser, L. & Rosenberg, B. (2000), Sociological Theories, Translated by Ershad, Farhang (2000), Tehran: Ney Publishing. [In Persian]
Dang, h.L., li, e., nuberg, i., bruwer, J., (2014). Understanding farmers’ adaptation intention to climate change: a structural equation modelling study in the Mekong delta, Vietnam, Environmental science and policy, 41, 11- 22. doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2014.04.002.
Figueroa B, E., & Rotarou, E. S. (2016). Sustainable development or eco-collapse: Lessons for tourism and development from Easter Island. Sustainability, 8(11), 1093. doi: 10.3390/su8111093
Giddens,  A. (1996), Sociology. Translated by Sabouri, Mohsen. second edition, Tehran: Ney Publishing. [In Persian]
Hannigan, J. (2014). Environmental Sociology, Translated by Anbari, Musa. Tehran: University of Tehran. [In Persian]
Hatami, A., & Norbakhsh, S. (2019). Semantic Reconstruction of the Water Crisis in the East of Isfahan Based on Grounded Theory. Journal of Applied Sociology, 30(1), 123-142. doi: 10.22108/jas.2018.109357.1299. [In Persian]
Kamyabi, Saeed. (2015). Applying the climatic classification system to the architecture of the cities of Razavi Khorasan province. Quarterly Geographical Journal of Territory, Volume 13, No. 50, pp. 91-105. https://sanad.iau.ir/Journal/sarzamin/Article/822623. [In Persian]
Keshavarz, M. Karami, E. & Vanclay, F. (2013) “The Social Experience of Drought in Rural Iran, Land Use Policy, 30(1): 120-129. doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.03.003
Khodaparast-Mashhadi, M. and Bagheri, M.(2014). Application of Ostrom's theory in sustainable use of common resources, The third national conference on health, environment and sustainable development, Azad University of Bandar Abbas. [In Persian]
Madani, K., Aghakouchak, A. & Mirchi, A. (2016). Iran’s Socio-economic Drought: Challenges of a Water-Bankrupt Nation, Iranian Studies, 49(6): 977-1016. 10.1080/00210862.2016.1259286
Mohammadpour, A., & Rezaei, M. (2008). The Meaning Reconstruction of Modernization' Consequences in Ouraman, A Region of Iranian Kurdistan, (based on the Grounded Theory Study). Iranian Journal of Sociology, 9(1,2), 3-33. http://www.jsi-isa.ir/article_21801.html?lang=en. [In Persian]
Ostrom, E,. (2005) Understanding Institutional Diversity. Princeton university press. https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691122380/understanding-institutional-diversity.
Ritzer, George.(1988), Contemporary Sociological Theory, Transled by Solasi, M. Tehran. [In Persian]
Saadati, M. (2020). Bourdieu Analysis of the Role of Capital Factors on the Emergence of Risky Behaviors. Sociology and lifestyle management, 5(14), 141-190. https://sls.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_12883.html?lang=en. [In Persian]
Sadeghi-Younesi, H, Alagheh, H. and Hosseini Zahraei, H. (2001). The effects of the consequences of drought on the northeastern regions of Iran with an emphasis on (Torbat Jam and Freeman), The first national conference on strategies to deal with water deficit and drought, Kerman. https://civilica.com/doc/14390/ [In Persian]
Schnegg, M. & Bollig, M. (2016) “Institutions Put to the Test: Community-Based Water Management in Namibia During a Drought.” Arid Environ, 124: 62–71.
Shrum, T. R., Travis, W. R., Williams, T. M., & Lih, E. (2018). Managing climate risks on the ranch with limited drought information. Climate Risk Management, 20, 11-26.
Siegel, P., & De La Fuente, A. (2010). Mainstreaming natural disaster risk management into social protection policies (and vice versa) in Latin America and the Caribbean. Soc. Policy, 6, 131-159.
Sonnett, J., Morehouse, B. J., Finger, T. D., Garfin, G., & Rattray, N. (2006). Drought and declining reservoirs: Comparing media discourse in Arizona and New Mexico, 2002–2004. Global Environmental Change, 16(1), 95-113.‏
Sutton, J. D. (2012). An introduction to environmental sociology, translated by: Salehi, Sadegh. Tehran: Samt. [In Persian]
Tavassoli, G. A. (1990). Sociological Theory, Tehran: Samt.
Wilmer, H., & Fernández-Giménez, M. E. (2015). Rethinking rancher decision-making: a grounded theory of ranching approaches to drought and succession management. The Rangeland Journal, 37(5), 517-528.
Zahedi-Bidgoli, A. Dehghani, F. Abdi-Darakeh, S. Bolandmartabeh, M. and Tehrani-Sharif, M.(2019). Drought and its effect on livestock and poultry, Journal of Veterinary Laboratory and Research, Vol. 11, No. 3, The 12th Iranian Veterinary Congress, pp. 112-192, at: https://civilica.com/doc/779737. [In Persian]
Zarghani, S. H,. Abbaszade, M,. Mousavi, S. M. B,. & Saadati Z. (2016). Analysis of the impacts and social security implications of drought, focusing on the eastern provinces. 10th Congress of the Iranian Geopolitical Association and the 2nd Conference of the Iranian Geographical and Border Region Planning Association. [In Persian]

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics