Document Type : Original Article
Subjects
Urban land-use planning is the spatial organization of urban activities and the science of dividing time and space for the uses and needs of life. Service uses are considered an important part of the city, each of which fulfills different needs of citizens in order to have a good life. Fire stations are among the essential safety services in the city. The most critical problems in the direction of fire service are the inappropriate distribution and limited functional radius of the existing stations. Due to the ever-increasing growth of cities, increasing population, and densification of the urban texture, it is necessary that essential uses such as fire fighting are properly located so that they can meet the needs well and quickly. Therefore, the main problem of the current research is investigating the spatial distribution of fire stations in Neyshabur city and improving their accessibility to urban areas.
This research is descriptive-analytical in terms of type, and the data collection method is library and field. The data used in this research are inner city roads along with restrictions, fire stations, and the border of the urban area. In order to prepare data, Map Source v.6.14 software, Global Mapper 24.1, and Open Street Map system were used. Also, in order to process the data and check the spatial-temporal distribution of the fire stations, the Arc Gis 10.8 software was used using the Network Analyst plugin. The time criterion considered for the investigation of the distribution of the level of fire service in the urban network, based on the standard of time to reach the place of the accident, is 4 minutes.
In the study of spatial-temporal distribution of fire stations in Neyshabur based on the standard of 4 minutes in reaching the place of the accident using a geographic information system and network analysis plugin, and taking into account the speed limit of emergency vehicles in various inner city passages; the findings indicate the lack of fire stations in the city. Due to the rapid expansion of urbanization and the increase in the urban population, as a result of the horizontal growth of the city, as well as the increase in the probability of various accidents such as fire, etc., rescuers need to arrive at the scene of the accident on time. Therefore, in the current research, unlike the previous studies, which were limited only to the study of spatial distribution, the main emphasis is on the study of spatial-temporal distribution at the level of the urban network. According to the time standard considered as the main criterion and the total area of the urban area, the fire stations of Neyshabur cover 35% of the area of the city in a standard way, and about 65% of the urban area is outside. The standard time frame is located. In other words, fire stations do not have access to 65% of the urban area in the defined time standard. The results show that along with the physical expansion of the city, urban growth, and development in the field of uses, especially safety use, is weak and needs more attention.
According to the standard performance criteria of the fire station after the accident, the research results show the lack of number and incorrect location of the existing fire stations in Neyshabur city. In the output obtained from the network analysis, according to the rescue vehicle's speed limit and the road network's complexity, only 35% of the urban roads around the fire stations are covered in the standard time frame, and the remaining 65% are outside the scope. It has become a standard time. According to the obtained conclusions, it is possible to plan the construction of new fire stations in the access gap areas.
The planned areas for the construction of new stations in Neyshabur city are as follows:
The authors have declared no conflict of interest
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