Document Type : Original Article

Subjects

• Urban geography, urban planning

1. Introduction  

In different periods, the management apparatuses have various ways of dealing with social and spatial situations. Therefore, each discursive order can have its own space. In this sense, various urban policies are considered mediators of regulating spatial relations in centralized discourse. In such cases, at the concrete level of cities, some urban neighborhoods that have been removed from the boundaries of the central areas or have been set aside are exposed to such behaviors and subsequently called upon by the apparatus of power. Urban renewal is considered one of the policies for improving spatial relations, which, more than ever, seeks to optimize social and spatial relations in economic terms and through central policies.

2. Materials and Methods

The current research critically examines urban policies in contexts identified as problematic or outdated during the second Pahlavi period, through a historical review.

3. Results and Discussion

The Problematics of Central Neighborhoods in Tehran: Reorganizing the Procedures for the Distribution of Benefits and Resources.

For the implementation of urban development and renovation plans in Tehran, the first step is to emphasize the necessity of some legal reforms focused on ownership. Such emphasis is to encourage social groups to accept the new boundaries of ownership in urban space. In fact, the prerequisite for any form of physical renovation in the first step is the renovation of thoughts and attachments. During this period, in addition to encouraging people to cross the thresholds of their property ownership, some relevant institutions were also formed to advance renovation in Tehran. The South Tehran Rehabilitation and Development Organization is one of the aforementioned institutions.

Renovation Priorities: In this period, Tehran's neighborhoods are generally divided into five areas for renovation.

First Area: This area has the most unsuitable physical and environmental conditions. In addition, the highest unemployment rate is observed in this area due to the lack of local employment facilities and severe and continuous migration. Gode Mirza Mashala, Bazaar, Darvaze Ghar, Oudlajan, Amirieh, and Mehrabad are among the neighborhoods located in this area.

Second Area: In this area, the renovation and rehabilitation of the Mokhtari and Darkhungah neighborhoods, Chaleh-e-Meydan, Amin-e-Sultan Square, Eshrat-abad, and Shahnaz Square are the center of attention.

Third Area: In this area, the renovation and rehabilitation of the neighborhoods of Brianek, Darvazeh Qazvin, Imamzadeh Hassan, Dolab, and Khorasan Square have been emphasized.

Fourth Area: In this area, the need to improve the neighborhoods of Salsabil, Ariana, Javadieh, Khazaneh Gharbi, Arak, Gar-Mashin, Darvazeh Ghar, Najafabad, and Hashemabad has been emphasized.

Fifth Area: In this area, the renovation and rehabilitation of the neighborhoods of Heshmatiyeh, Pasteur, Daneshgah, Ekbatan, Gorgan, Darvazeh Shemiran, Tselihat, Doshan-e-Tepe, Koy Siman, and Shahr-e Rey have been emphasized.

4. Conclusions

One of the most important forces that fundamentally makes urban relations problematic for the management system in this era is the global shift from a situation based on rural relations to urban relations. Such changes on a global scale have affected spatial relations within the country to a lesser extent. The manifestation of such effects can be seen at various levels of policymaking, planning, and implementation. Without reducing the spatial developments in Tehran to changes in external conditions, it is necessary to point out that, in addition to other major developments that are outside the concrete situation of Tehran, some internal and concrete considerations also push the management system towards a type of spatial management and order and systematization during this period. In this regard, it can be said that the significant changes that occurred in the middle contexts of Tehran during the Reza Khan era affected local relations in the center of Tehran in such a way that they eventually gradually became the center of attention as neighborhoods with various problems from the early 1920s onwards. In this sense, it can be said that some large-scale interventions during the first Pahlavi era basically intervened in the fabric of the central neighborhoods of Tehran in order to maximize their adaptability to automobile-oriented developments. During the second Pahlavi era, the development pattern of Tehran also fundamentally changed, and through linear development, the city grew more and more towards the northern and western regions. Accordingly, the neighborhoods that were the focus of interventions during the first Pahlavi era once again remained as spatial conditions surplus to development and were exposed to modernization policies.

5. Conflicts of Interest & Funding

• The manuscript did not receive a grant from any organization
• The authors declare no conflict of interest.

6. Acknowledgment

·        The authors are thankful to all people who have supported this research.