Aim: The tourism industry is one of the most profitable industries globally. geotourism, as a novel branch in geographical and tourism literature, of researchers and planners. Geotourism focuses on the identification and utilization of special geological and geomorphological sites with scientific, and economic values.
Methods and Data: To conduct this research, two evaluation approaches were used: the GAM model and the Kubalíková method. Data were collected by designing and distributing two specialized questionnaires among experts, specialists, and knowledgeable local individuals in Damghan County. The questionnaires were designed to cover various dimensions of geotourism values, including scientific, aesthetic, cultural, and economic aspects..
Findings: The examination of the results revealed that the Cheshmeh Ali geosite obtained the highest score in both models; in the GAM model, it ranked first with a score of 16, and in the Kubalíková model, it ranked first with a score of 11.75. In contrast, the Tangeh Zendan and Shirband Cave geosites received the lowest rankings in both models..
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Cheshmeh Ali geosite is the most important and valuable geotourism location in Damghan County and can be the cornerstone for sustainable tourism development in the region. Conversely, the geosites with lower scores require supportive planning and infrastructural enhancement to potentially play a greater role in attracting tourists in the future.
Innovation: The innovation of this research lies in the simultaneous use of two complementary approaches for geotourism assessment, which enables a multidimensional analysis and precise comparison of geosites. The study's findings can serve as a scientific basis for local managers and policymakers to design sustainable tourism development programs, increase public awareness of geological values, and strengthen the regional economy by attracting geotourists. Furthermore, this integrated assessment framework facilitates informed decision-making for prioritizing sites, conservation plans, and the enhancement of geotourism diversity.